Present perfect Tense & Present perfect continuous Tense
Preview Sheet
Present perfect Tense谓语构成：
_________________________
现在完成时用法
1、表示过去发生的事情但影响到目前或将来。
*I have just cleaned my clothes．我刚洗过衣服。
（cleaned是发生的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）。
2、表示过去重复发生的动作也可以在将来重复发生
*He has handled every situation well. (we expect him to continue.)
3、表示过去的动作不发生在过去但可能发生在将来，要使用否定式 not 或者 never
*Yao hasn't returned to China since joining the Rockets.
4、表过去开始的动作一直延续的到现在的， 用时间状语连词for或者since.
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*I have been here for just over two years．我到这里才两年多。
用于现在完成时的句型
1）It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。
例： It is the first time that I have visited the city.
这是我第一次到访这个城市。
---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I have been here.
2）This is the… that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.
例：This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing.
这是我第一次听他唱歌。
现在完成进行时的用法
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一、现在完成进行时的构成方法
现在完成进行时由“_______________________________”构成。
二、现在完成进行时用法说明
表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作，这动作可能仍在进行，也可能已停止：
He_________________ television all day.
他看了一天电视了。
He _________________ this work for three years.
这工作他已干了三年了。
It _________________ since last Sunday.
自上周星期日以来就一直在下雨。
现在完成进行时 、现在完成时 & 过去时 的区别
I 都可表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果：
★ 现在进完成进行时：have/ has + been + V 进行时 表示的结果是直接：
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E.g. 1.we have been cleaning the classroom.我们打扫教室来着
(其直接结果可能是：1.我们身上都是灰, 2.教室刚刚打扫.)
2. Be careful! John has been painting the door.
约翰刚刚把门油漆过，(现在油漆还未干)，所以你要小心。
★ 现在完成时：have/ has ＋V.过去分词 表示的是最后的结果：
E.g. 1. We have cleaned the classroom．我们把教室打扫过了
(其结果是：1.现在教室很清洁，可以用了。2.可能表示教室是昨天打扫的)
2.John has painted the door．
约翰已经把门油漆过。（油漆可能已干了）。
★ 过去时Past Tense：表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只是陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对“现在”产生的影响。
E.g. We cleaned the classroom．
我们打扫教室过。(强调的是打扫教室的事情)
II 现在完成进行时通常表示动作有延续性（一直），而现在完成时往往没有。
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★ 现在完成进行时：（表示动作延续到现在还在进行，没有完成）
1、I have been waiting for a letter from my parents.
我(一直)在等我父母的来信。
2、It has been raining for three hours.
雨（一直）下了三个小时了。
3、We have been studying here since 2004.
自从2004年以来，我们(一直)在这里学习。
4、They have been widening the road.
他们（一直）在加宽马路。（但尚未完工）
★ 现在完成时：（表动作已经结束）
1、I have waited for a letter from my parents.
我在等我父母的来信。（可能已经等到）
2、It has rained for three hours.
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雨（已经）下了三个小时了。（可能停了）
3、We have studied here since 2004.
自从2004年以来，我们在这里学习。
★ 过去时：表述以前发生的事情，对现在没有关系。）
1、I waited for a letter from my parents.
我等我父母的来信。（只说过去发生的事情。）
2、It rained for three hours.
雨（已经）下了三个小时了。（表昨天以前的一场雨。）
3、We studied here in 2004.
2004年我们在这里学习。（这里不可以和since 连用）
4、They widened the road.
他们加宽马路。（只是说过去发生的事情，动作没有对现在没有影响。）
III 现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显的感情色彩，而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实，一种影响或结果，平铺直叙，没有什么感情色彩可言。
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例1 a）What have you been doing？
b）What have you done？
a句表示惊异。 b句只是一个问题。
例2 a） I have been wanting to meet you for long．
b） I have long wanted to meet you．
a比b更亲切，更有礼貌。
例3 a） Recently Mary has been doing her work regularly．
b） Recently Mary has done her work regularly．
a句显然是在表扬玛丽。 b只说明一个事实。
例4 a） Who's been eating my apples？
b） Who's eaten my apples？
a句有强烈的感情色彩，表示愤怒不满，兼有进行时态，所以有“苹果未被全部吃光”的意思
b句只是希望回答的一个问题。是完成时态，说明“苹果一个不剩了”。
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After-class Consolidation Sheet
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1 They __________ (move) to the south in 1990 and __________ (live) there since then.
2 Eric _________ (leave) home last year and ___________ (just come) back.
3 Justin _________ (be) away from home for several days. He __________(disappear) last Friday.
4 They ___________(buy) this house three years ago and they __________ (live) here since then.
5 My brother __________ (go) to see my grandpa last week. He __________ (visit) him three times this month.
二、选择填空
1. ______ that dress when I first saw you at the station?
A. Were you wearing B. Have you worn C. Did you wear D. do you wear
2. ―Kate doesn’t look very well. What’s wrong with her?
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―She has a headache because she ______ too long; she ought to stop work.
A. has been reading B. had read reading
C. is reading D. was
3. “Tell the students to stop shouting. We ______ our essays.”
A. write B. have been writing C. are writing D. have written
4. My uncle, Sam,______ manager of the firm.
A. has just made B. is just being made
C. has just been made D. is just made
5. This is the first time the students ______ to Hyde Park.
A. have gone gone
B. have been C. have been going D. are being
6. She ______ her mother’s work since she was admitted into hospital.
A. is doing B. has been doing C. has done D. has been done
7. Now that you ______ , what are you going to do?
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A. are being returned B. have been returning C. have been returned D. have returned
8. I ______ the incident as if it were yesterday.
A. am still to remember B. have still been remembering
C. am being still remembered D. still remember
9. －Where_____ the map? I can’t see anywhere.
－I ______ it right here just now.
A. did you put; have put B. have you put; put
C. had you put; was putting D. were you putting; have put
10. John told Mary that he ______ what he was doing during the vacation.
A. was just asked B. was just asking C. had just been asked D. had just asked
11. I started my teaching career at the school. That was more than twenty years ago, and I ______ there ever since.
A. was
B. had been
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C. will be D. have been
12. We ______ fine weather for the past few days.
A. have having
B. are having C. have been had D. have been
13. It ______ every day so far this month.
A. is raining B. rains rained
C. has rained D. has been
14. By the end of last year they ______ 1,000 machines.
A. turned out B. had turned out C. would turn out D. had been turned out
15.―Don’t put the waste on the ground.
―Oh, I’m very sorry. I ______ the dustbin there.
A. don’t see B. isn’t seeing seen
C. didn’t see D. haven’t
16. Good heavens! There you are! We _________ anxious about you. We _____ you back much earlier all through the night.
A. are; expect
B. were; had expected
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C. will be; are expecting D. have been; were expecting
17. Although medical science ____ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning.
A. achieved B. has achieved achieved
C. will achieve D. had
18. Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to _______ since the flood hit the area last Friday.
A. have been missing B have got lost C. be missing D. get lost
19. Customers are asked to make sure that they _____ the right change before leaving the shop.
A. will have B. have been given C. have given D. will be given
20 ---- ______ leave at the end of this month.
----I don’t think you should do that until ______ another job.
A. I’m going to; you’d found found
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B. I’m going to; you’ve
C. I’ll; you’ll found D. I’ll; you’d found
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