一、单项选择非谓语动词
1.The rainforest is an amazing place, ________ with plants and animals that aren’t found anywhere else in the world. A.filling B.filled C.being filled D.to fill 【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:热带雨林是一个令人惊讶的地方,充满了世界其他地方不能找到的动植物。固定词组:be filled with被……充满,此处place和fill之间是一种被动关系,所以用过去分词做伴随状态,故选B。
2.Once be falls asleep, I have great difficulty _______ him up. A.wake B.waken C.to wake D.waking 【答案】D 【解析】
一旦他睡着了,我叫醒他就有很大的困难。have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难,选D。
3.______ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies. A.Having exposed C.To expose 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查动名词。句意:暴露于核辐射中甚至很短时间都会影响人体的基因。分析句子成分发现even for a short time是插入语,may influence是谓语,前面的部分应该是主语,be exposed to“暴露于”,要用动名词Being exposed to。故B选项正确。
B.Being exposed D.Exposed
4.The press should expand its influence in international public opinion to make China’s voice better ______ in the world. A.hearing C.hear 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:新闻应该扩大其在国际舆论中的影响力,使中国的声音更好地在世界上被听到。“中国的声音”与“听到”之间是被动关系,用make sth. done结构,故选D。
B.to be heard D.heard
5.In 2012, Sun Yang became the first Chinese man _____ an Olympic gold medal in swimming. A.winning C.having won 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查不定式作定语。句意:在2012年,孙杨成为第一个获得奥运会游泳比赛金牌的中国男运动员。当名词前面有序数词修饰或被修饰的词就是序数词的时候,通常要用不定式作定语。如the first to come and the last to leave,本句中Chinese man前面有序数词the first修饰,所以后面要用不定式作定语。故B项正确。
B.to win D.being won
6.Life is a journey _____with hardships, joys and special moments. A.filled 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词,句意:生命是一个充满艰辛,快乐和特别时刻的旅程。在题干中_with hardship做journey的后置定语,与所修饰的journey构成被动关系,所以使用过去分词filled。be filled with做定语的时候,可以把be去掉。也可以转换成定语从句。故选A。
B.to fill
C.filling
D.having filled
7.(北京)During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. A.share B.to share C.having shared D.shared 【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在中秋节期间,家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭,赏月,品尝月饼。gather是谓语动词,“_________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”是状语,家人聚在一起的目的是吃饭,赏月,品尝月饼,表目的用动词不定式,故B选项正确。
点睛:动词不定式可以做主语,状语,定语,宾语,表语等。动词不定式做目的状语时,可以置于主句之前也可以置于主句之后,通常译为“为了”。
8.Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, _____the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad. A.Attend 【答案】C 【解析】
主句 .Distinguished guests and friends are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad. Attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning非谓语动词作伴随状语。
B.To attend
C.Attending
D.Having attended
9.(山东) There is a note pinned to the door ___________ when the shop will open again. A.saying C.said 【答案】A 【解析】
试题分析:在这个句子中note和say是主动关系,所以要用saying。此处saying引导的句子做伴随状语。句意为:门上钉着张纸条,写着这家商店什么时候再营业。故答案选A。 考点:考查非谓语动词。
【知识拓展】非谓语动词的选择要根据所填的动词及它所要修饰的逻辑主语之间的关系确定。doing表主动表进行;done表被动表完成;to do表目的表将来。
【名师点睛】本题考查非谓语。先把句子简化:There is a note (which is pinned to the door) saying when the shop will open again.伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生,它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的,本题考查的是现在分词做伴随状语,用ing形式。现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系,即表示主动意义;而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系,即被动意义;如:He went to the classroom holding two books; He went to the forest , followed by two dogs.
B.says D.having said
10.I remembered _____ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A.locking 【答案】B 【解析】
考查非谓语动词。ACD三个选项都表示动作已经完成。只有B选项表示尚未做。句意:我记得离开办公室前要锁门的,但是却忘记了要关灯。remember doing=\"remember\" having dong=\"remember\" to have done.
B.to lock
C.having locked
D.to have locked
11.While waiting for the opportunity to get , Henry did his best to perform his duty. A.promote C.promoting 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:本题考查的非谓语动词的固定搭配“get+过去分词”,如“get burnt”被烫伤,get paid获得报酬;本句中的get promoted获得提拔。句意:在等待着背提拔的机会的时候,Herry全力以赴地尽好自己的责任。故B正确。
B.promoted D.to promote
12.The sign on the wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed out of the reading room”. A.being taken
B.to take
C.to be taken 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
D.taking
考查非谓语动词。句意:图书馆墙上的牌子上写着:“杂志不允许带出阅览室。”be allowed to do“被允许做”。根据句意可知,此处应使用被动式。故C选项正确。
13.Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ________ in a short period. A.improved C.to improve 【答案】A 【解析】
宾语written English与improve之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词作宾补。
B.improving D.improve
14.Premier Li Keqiang delivered a speech at the conference, _________ university graduates to start their own business. A.encouraging C.having encouraged 【答案】A 【解析】
非谓语动词结构作非限定的后置定语,修饰先行词演说(“a speech”)。动词鼓励(“encourage”)与先行词构成主动关系,且为进行动作,因此用现在分词进行形式。现在分词进行:doing句意:李克强总理在会上发表了一个演说,鼓励大学毕业生创造自己的企业。
B.to encourage D.encouraged
15.The players ________ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. A.selecting C.selected 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。 句意:从全国各地挑选出来的运动员将在这场夏季比赛中为我们争光。分析句子可知,select与players在逻辑上是被动关系,所以用过去分词。故选C项。
B.to select D.having selected
16.Some of them, ______ in rural villages, had never seen a train. A.to be born and brought up C.having born and brought up 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:他们中的一些人,在农村长大,从来没见过火车。分析句子可知,in rural villages部分为定语,修饰Some of them,与其为动宾关系,故用过去分词形式,同时也是表示一种状态,故选B。 【点睛】
过去分词作定语,过去分词作定语可以位于名词之前或名词之后。
B.born and brought up
D.having been born and brought up
位于名词之前的过去分词定语一般只有单个词。
The new product finally passed the required test. 新产品终于通过了要求的测试。 Those repeated efforts were still inadequate. 这些重复的努力仍然不足。 过去分词之前还可以有副词修饰,如:
The prime minister issued a cautiously worded statement this afternoon. 今天下午首相发表了一份措辞谨慎的声明。
如果是过去分词短语或结构,则放在名词后作后置定语。
The idea presented by Peter is much simpler. 彼得提出的想法要简单得多。 It is a house built by the Romans. 它是一栋古罗马人建的房屋。 本题为过去分词作定语,修饰主语。
17.\"We can't go out in this weather, \"said Bob, _____ out of the window. A.looking C.looked 【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
B.to look D.having looked
考查现在分词做状语。句意:Bob看着窗外说:“这样的天气我们不能出去”。本句中look与said是同时进行,we与look之间构成主动关系,故用现在分词作伴随状语。故选A。
18.Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, _____the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad. A.Attend 【答案】C 【解析】
B.To attend
C.Attending
D.Having attended
主句 .Distinguished guests and friends are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad. Attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning非谓语动词作伴随状语。
19._______ her before, he didn’t know she was his daughter. A.Not having seen C.Not seeing 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:由于以前没有见过她,他不知道她就是他的女儿。he与see之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,而且see这个动作发生在didn’t know之前,应该用现在分词的完成式作原因状语,否定词放在最前面,故A项正确。 【点睛】
本题非谓语表示的动作与谓语之间有明显的先后关系,see这个动作发生在didn’t know之前,应该用现在分词的完成式作原因状语,Not having seen=Because he hadn’t seen her before。
B.Having not seen D.Not to see
20.Moving to Canada for higher education has been exciting. On the first day of term, there were crowds of people in the dormitory, all where they should go. A.looked for for 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:到加拿大接受高等教育令人兴奋,开学第一天,宿舍挤满了人,大家都在找自己该去的地方。People与look for是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,用现在分词作伴随状语,故B项正确。
B.looking for
C.were looking for
D.had been looking
21.Urban Chinese travelled to 68 countries during the Spring Festival holiday, ________ an average of 6,000 yuan each. A.spent C.to spend 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:春节假期期间,中国的城市人去了68个国家旅行,平均每人花费6000元。该句中的逻辑主语Urban Chinese与spend之间是主谓的关系,所以该空需用现在分词。故选B项。
B.spending D.having spent
22.A great number of students ________ said they were forced to practice the piano. A.to question C.questioned 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查过去分词作定语。句意:很多被询问的学生都说他们是被迫去练钢琴的。students与question构成被动关系,表示被询问的学生。B项不定式表示将来,,而本句表示的是已经被询问。故选C项。
B.to be questioned D.questioning
23.The old couple sat in front of the house every evening, happy _____ those lovely children running and playing around. A.to watch 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:这对老夫妇每天晚上都坐在房子前面,开心地看着可爱的孩子们跑来跑去。本句中的happy...是形容词短语做状语,表示句子主语The old couple的状态;由句子中的happy可知,其后应接动词不定式表原因,即(the old man is) happy to...故选A项。
B.watching
C.watched
D.to have watched
24.Clearly and thoughtfully________, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. A.writing C.written 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:这本书写得既清楚又意味深长,该书激励了那些希望寻求自己的答案的学生的自信心。根据write与the book是被动的关系,所以要用过去分词作状语。故选C。
B.to write D.being written
25.China National Women's Volleyball Team made great achievements, ______ them a symbol of the spirit of China. A.to make 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:中国国家女排取得巨大成就,使得他们成为了中国精神的象征。
B.having made
C.made
D.making
根据句意,__ them a symbol of the spirit of China是理所当然的结果,用现在分词表示理所当然的结果,且“make them a symbol of the spirit of China”这一动作不先于“made great achievements”这一动作,故不用完成时。故选D。 【点睛】
当分词做状语的时候,如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系,就使用现在分词做状语;当二者构成被动关系,使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前,就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系,可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。
26.--- Do you know anything about War of Seven Kingdoms, the Chinese Game of Thrones? ---Sure. Although each event _____ a well-known actor playing the key roles, it has all its plots well _____on established historical records and archaeological findings. A.features; grounded C.stars; depended 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:---你知道中国的《权力的游戏》——《七国战争》吗? ---当然。虽然每一个事件都有一个著名的演员扮演关键角色,但它的所有情节都建立在既定的历史记录和考古发现的基础上。A. features 由……主 演; grounded 使 基 于;B. characteristics 以.....为特 征; witnessed目睹;C. stars 由……做 主 演; depended依靠;D. displays; commented 作 出 评 论。由“a well-known actor ”可知,每一个事件都有一个著名的演员主演,所以第一个空应选择features。be grounded on“ 以 ... 为基础”为固定短,在本句中为过去分词作后置定语。且符合句意。所以第二个空选grounded。故选A项。
B.characteristics; witnessed D.displays; commented
27.His food ______, the man had to come out of his hiding place. A.run out C.running out 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查动词短语和现在分词的独立主格结构。句意:食物快吃完了,那人不得不从藏身之处出来。动词短语:run out“用完,耗尽”,相当于不及物动词;use up“用完,耗尽”,相当于及物动词。分析句子结构,这里既不是并列句也不是从句,此处His food和run out之间是主动关系,是现在分词的独立主格结构,如果用use up,则必须用过去分词used up的形式。故选C。
B.was run out D.using up
28.(福建) _____________ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
A.Known C.Knowing 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
B.Having known D.Being known
考查动名词。句意:了解基本的急救知识可以帮助您快速应对紧急情况。分析句子成分,谓语是will help,所以前面的是主语,用动名词做主语,故选C项。
29.Look over there—there’s a very long,winding path ____up to the house. A.leading C.led 【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】【详解】
B.leads D.to lead
考查非谓语动词。句意:看那儿——有一条很长的蜿蜒通向房子的小路。横线部分做定语修饰path,因为 Path与lead to构成主动关系,使用现在分词来修饰path。故选A。
30.Recently a survey _______ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. A.compared 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:最近,一项对两家不同超市的同种商品价格进行比较的调查在市民中引起了激烈的争论。分析句子结构可知,该句的主语是a survey,谓语动词是has caused,宾语是heated debate。可见,句子结构是完整的,因此我们要选择的只能是非谓语动词形式。survey与compare之间存在主动关系,因此用现在分词短语作后置定语。故选B。
B.comparing
C.compares
D.being compared
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