一、八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的整确形式（最多限填3个单词）。
When Mr. Jones went to a restaurant one day, he left this________ near the door. There was ________ （something） in the pockets of the coat when he left. So after his meal, he was very ________（surprise） to find that all the pockets were full ________ money!
There was a waiter near the door, so Mr. Jones said to him, \"Someone________ （make） a mistake. He put some money in my coat. When he comes back, please give it ________ to him. \"The waiter took it and went away. Suddenly, another man ________ （come） in with a coat just like Mr. Jones'. \"I am sorry I made a mistake,\" said this man. I took your coat and you got ________ （me）. Please give me my coat and money.\" Mr. Jones answered, \"I gave the money to the waiter. He ________ （give） it to you.\"
Mr. Jones called the manager （经理） of the restaurant, ________ the manager said, \"We have no waiters here. We only have waitresses. \"\"You gave the money to a thief（小偷）,\" shouted the man.
What a terrible day for Mr. Jones!
【答案】 coat；nothing；surprised；of；made；back；came；mine；will give；but 【解析】【分析】 本文介绍了琼斯先生在自己的口袋里面发现了许多钱，没有据为己有，却错误的交到了贼的手里面。
（1）句意：有一天，琼斯先生去了一家餐馆，他把外套放在门边。left后是名词做宾语根据 the coat when he left，可知是大衣，coat是名词，故填coat。
（2）句意：当他离开时，口袋里什么也没有。根据 He put some money in my coat 他在我的外套里放了一些钱， 可知此时兜里没有东西，nothing，没有，不定代词 ， 故填 nothing。
（3）句意：所以饭后他惊讶地发现所以的口袋里装满了钱。根据下文发现所有的口袋都满了钱可知，此处会感到惊讶，was系动词后是形容词，surprise是名词，surprised，是形容词 ，故填 surprised。
（4）句意：所以饭后他惊讶地发现所以的口袋里装满了钱。be full of，固定搭配，装满，故填of。
（5）句意：门口有个服务员，琼斯先生对他说：有人弄错了。描述过去用一般过去时，make的过去式是made ， 故填 made。
（6）句意：当他回来的时候，把它给他。give back to，固定搭配，归还 ， 故填 back。 （7）句意：突然，另一个男人拿着一件和琼斯先生一样的外套进来了。“对不起，”这个人说。“但我犯了个错误”描述过去用一般过去时，come的过去式是came ， 故填 came。 （8）句意： 我拿了你的外套，你拿了我的。此处用名词性物主代词指代my coat，me是宾格，我，mine是名词性物主代词 ， 故填 mine。
（9）句意：他会给你的。归还的动作还没有发生，故是一般将来时，故填will give。 （10）句意：琼斯先生立刻打电话给餐厅经理，但经理说：“我们这里没有服务员。我们
只有女服务员。”此处是表示转折关系，故用但是，but，是连词，故填but。 【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，代词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。
2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Are you feeling very busy all the time? If you always think much work to do, it will make you feel ________ （bore）. You should know that you'll also have so many things to do tomorrow. Why ________ do the things you have to do today? So if you have a little time to relax, just enjoy yourself. It doesn't mean you are lazy. That is because only when you are relaxed, you can do best. Here are some ________ （way） for you to relax.
Firstly, show love to everyone you meet. Talk to your friends ________ smile to a stranger. ________ （volunteer） at a hospital is also a good way. The more you give, the ________ you will get.
________, take away the old things you don't need or send them to someone ________ needs them.
Thirdly, watch the world as a child does. Go ________ a walk in a park and have a picnic. It is helpful ________（lie） down on the grass and look at the blue sky. You can also sit down and listen to your favorite music or even dance to it. You'll find your life more interesting. 【答案】 bored；not；ways；or；Volunteering；more；Secondly；who；for；to lie 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了几个让你放松的方法。
（1）句意：如果你总是想做大量的工作，那会使你感到厌烦。feel是系动词，其后是形容词，修饰人用bored，感到无聊的，故填 bored。
（2）句意：为什么不做你今天必须做的事情呢？why not+动词原形，固定搭配，为什么不做某事，故填not。
（3）句意：下面是一些让你放松的方法。some修饰可数名词复数，way，是可数名词，故填ways。
（4）句意：和你的朋友交谈或和陌生人微笑。此处是并列连词，表示选择故选，故用or，故填or。
（5）句意：在医院做志愿者也是一个好方法。动名词做主语，故用volunteer的动名词形式volunteering ，故填Volunteering 。
（6）句意：给与的越多，得到的就越多。the more，the better，固定搭配，越……越……，根据 The more you give 可知是越多，故填more。
（7）句意：其次，把你不需要的旧东西拿走，或者把它们送给需要它们的人。根据 Firstly 可知此处是其次，故填 Secondly。
（8）句意：其次，把你不需要的旧东西拿走，或者把它们送给需要它们的人。定语从句中缺少主语，先行词是someone指代人，故关系代词是who，故填who。
（9）句意：到公园里去散步，然后去野餐。go for a walk，固定搭配，去散步，故填 for 。 （10）句意：躺在草地上看蓝天是有帮助的。it+is+形容词+to do，固定搭配，做某事很……，it是形式主语，to do是真正的主语，故填 to lie 。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意所给词意并适当调整词性，时态和非谓语动词等。
3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适合的单词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Once upon a time, there ________（live） a monkey in the forest. The monkey ________（climb） up a tree and looked down at the river every day.
One day, the monkey saw a fisherman ________（throw） net（网） into the river. Then the fisherman caught fish.
Two hours later, the fisherman ________（leave） to have lunch. The monkey climbed down from the tree. He planned ________（catch） fish like the fisherman did.
The monkey was quite sure of himself because he ________good at imitating（模仿）. However, the net wound（缠住） itself around him as soon as he ________（touch） it. When he tried to get out, he ________（fall） into the river.
The monkey should learn how ________（use） the net before touching it. But it was too late. At last, the monkey ________（die） in the river.
【答案】 lived；climbed；throw；left；to catch；was；touched；fell；to use；died 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了猴子学人用网打鱼，结果丧命的故事。
（1）句意：从前，森林里住着一只猴子。live，住，动词， Once upon a time是一般过去时的标志，故填lived。
（2）句意：这只猴子每天爬上一棵树，低头看着河水。Once upon a time是一般过去时的标志，故填 climbed。
（3）句意：一天，猴子看见一个渔夫把渔网扔进了河里。see sb do sth，固定搭配，看到某人做某事，故填throw。
（4）句意：两个小时后，渔夫离开去吃午饭。leave，离开，动词，讲述过去的事用一般过去时，leave的过去式是left，故填left。
（5）句意：他打算像渔夫那样捕鱼。plan to do，固定搭配，计划做，故填to catch。 （6）句意：猴子很自信，因为他擅长模仿。be good at，固定搭配，擅长，讲述过去是一
般过去时，故填was。
（7）句意：然而，他一碰到网，它就缠绕在他的周围。touch，碰，动词，讲述过去的事用一般过去时，故填touched。
（8）句意：当他试图离开时，他掉进了河里。fall，掉，动词，讲述过去的事用一般过去时，fall的过去式是fell，故填fell。
（9）句意：猴子在摸鱼之前应该学会如何使用网。特殊疑问词+不定式是宾语从句的用法，故填to use。
（10）句意：最后，猴子死在了河里。die，死亡，动词，讲述过去的事用一般过去时，故填died。
【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，非谓语动词的用法。
4．阅读下面的短文，请根据所给的中文写出单词的正确形式，每空一词。
Have you ever picked up a pen to write some characters, but you can't ________（记得） what they look like?
You're not alone. CCTV-10 started a show ________（叫做） Chinese Character Dictation Com-petition （《中国汉字听写大会》） last year. On the show, only three out of 10 adults________（正确地）wrote bingjiling （ice cream 冰激凌）, and no one could write out penti （sneeze喷嚏）. According to a survey, 94.1% of people said they had memory lapses （差错） when ________（写） some characters.
It seems that Chinese characters are in danger. Since the digital（数码） age began, fewer and ________（少） people use pens and paper. Most people now write Chinese on keyboards using pinyin. As a________（结果）, many people would forget the features（特征）of a Chinese character, such as its structure and ________（意思）easily.
Chinese characters are one of the world's________（古老的）written languages, dating back （追溯到） to 1100 BC. It's not only a way for us to record things,________（而且）it's important to pass on Chinese culture. For example, the character nan （male男） is made up of two________（部分）, tian （farmland田） and li （strength力）. We can tell from it that in the old times Chinese men were in charge of （负责） working on the farmland.
5．【答案】 or；thought；others；easier；with；going；suggestions；a；if；real 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲了一个研究发现很难发音的名字可能会影响一个人的未来。你的名字发音越容易，人们会认为你更加值得信赖。
（1）句意：你的英语老师给你的还是你在字典里查到它的？两句是选择关系，构成选择疑问句要用or，或者，故答案为or。
（2）句意：你曾经想过是否你的英文名字会带给你好运还是不幸？have+过去分词构成现在完成时，故答案为thought。
（3）句意：一个研究发现一个别人感觉很难发音的名字会影响一个人的未来。别人：others，在句中做主语，故答案为others。
（4）句意：这个研究表明你的名字发音越容易，人们会认为你越值得信赖。根据句子结
构可知是the+比较级，the+比较级结构，故答案为easier。
（5）句意：研究也表明有着更多熟悉的名字的人更可能在社会上持有更高的地位。根据结构可知people后跟介词短语作定语，表示带有要用with，故答案为with。
（6）句意：换句话说，一个古怪的名字可能会组织某个人成为一名领导或者老板。stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事，可知from后跟v-ing，故答案为going。
（7）句意：如果你的名字听起来奇怪，你无法改变它，你能按照下面的建议来做。the following 后跟名词，suggest的名词是suggestion，可数名词，要用复数，故答案为suggestions。
（8）句意：尝试去利用一个中间的名字如果他不难发音。middle name是一个可数名词，没加a就是单数，前面要用不定冠词a，故答案为a。
（9）句意：如果你没有中间名字，你能使用一个绰号。引导条件状语从句要用if，如果，故答案为If。
（10）句意：当你去参加面试，你能解释你经常使用一个绰号因为人们发现你的真名发音很难。修饰名词要用形容词，故答案为real。
【点评】考查语法填空，在语篇中考查基本语法项目的运用，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章，根据提示准确写出答案，注意考虑句型、搭配、冠词、从句、时态、语境等，最后通读检查验证。
6．【答案】 hit；leading；were working；were killed；To make；stopped；are；to protect；should/must act；will/must；remember 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了发生在深圳的一场暴雨。
（1）句意：2019年4月11日星期四晚上9点左右，暴雨袭击深圳，导致洪水冲走了罗湖和福田地区不同河流地区的工人。根据 At around 9 pm Thursday, April 11th2019 可知时态是一般过去时，hit的过去式是hit，故填 hit 。
（2）句意：2019年4月11日星期四晚上9点左右，暴雨袭击深圳，导致洪水冲走了罗湖和福田地区不同河流地区的工人。现在分词表示自然产生结果，做状语，故填 leading 。 （3）句意：2019年4月11日星期四晚上9点左右，暴雨袭击深圳，导致洪水冲走了罗湖和福田地区不同河流地区的工人。根据 washed away the workers工人们当时正在工作，故用过去进行时，主语是workers名词复数，助动词是were ， 故填 were working 。 （4）句意： 11个人在洪水中丧生。kill与主语people是被动关系，描述过去用一般过去时，主语是people，名词复数，故助动词是were，故填 were killed。
（5）句意： 为了确保工人们的安全，政府于周六停止了这两个地方的所有水利工程。不定式做目的状语，为了，故填 To make。
（6）句意： 为了确保工人们的安全，政府于周六停止了这两个地方的所有水利工程。描述过去用过去式，stop的过去式是stopped，故填stopped。
（7）句意： 全国每年都有许多事件发生。 根据 Every year可知时态是一般现在时，主语是 many events ，名词复数，故be动词是are，故填are。
（8）句意： 作为一名学生，当我们面对不同的情况，如地震、火灾、暴雨时，我们有必要学习如何保护自己。 特殊疑问词+不定式，是宾语从句的用法，故填 to protect。
（9）句意： 我们应该迅速而恰当地行动。此处表示建议或命令，should/must，应该/必须，情态动词后是动词原形 ， 故填 should/must act。
（10）句意： 我们要永远记住像张程鹏这样的英雄为我们所做的一切。英雄是必须和总是让人记住的，故此处是will/must，总是/必须 ， 故填 will/must。
（11）句意：我们要永远记住像张程鹏这样的英雄为我们所做的一切。always是一般现在时标志，主语是复数we，故谓语的动词原形，故填 remember。
【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。
7．【答案】 for；On；asked；to paint；Later；makes；them；thinking；faces；called 【解析】【分析】短文大意：一个艺术家想绘制出世界上最美丽的东西，后来他遇见了3个人，最后发现，世界上最美丽的东西是家。
（1）句意：他开始启程去寻找世界上最美丽的东西。根据后文提到 In any church, you will find it 'Faith' is the most beautiful thing in the world.可知空缺的意义为寻找，填入介词for。 （2）句意：在路上，他遇到了一个神父，他问他去那里。根据句子提到he met an aged priest，可知空缺的意义为在路上，on the way，故答案为On。
（3）句意：在路上，他遇到了一个神父，他问他去那里。ask，询问，根据句子用了过去式，可知ask用过去式为asked，故答案为asked。
（4）句意：我想绘画出世界上最美丽的东西。paint，绘画，短语want to do sth，想要做某事，填入to paint，故答案为to paint。
（5）句意：后来，一个年轻妈妈告诉他最美丽的东西是爱。late，后来，根据句子提到a young mother told him，可知应该是后来告诉他，填入later，故答案为Later。
（6）句意：爱使得世界运转。make，使得，根据主语为love，为不可数名词，谓语用单三，填入makes，故答案为makes。
（7）句意：我如何才能绘画出它们所有部分呢——信仰，爱和和平。they，它们，根据they做了介词of的宾语，可知空缺应该用宾格形式，填入them，故答案为them。 （8）句意：他很惊讶，没有思考他去那里，他回到了熟悉的地方。think，思考，根据介词without后面加动词ing形式，可知空缺填入thinking，故答案为thinking。
（9）句意：在他的妻子和孩子的脸上，他看见了爱和信仰。face，脸，根据句子提到his wife and children，可知face应该用复数，填入faces，故答案为faces。
（10）句意；这个艺术家绘制了世界上最美丽的东西并且把它称为家。call，称，根据句子用了过去式，可知应该用call的过去式i为called，故答案为called。
【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，联系上下文，给出空缺单词，结合语法知识，给出单词的正确形式，即可。
8．【答案】 because；Italian；been；cooking；competition；cost；wins；to；no；amazing 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了James关于去太空旅行的梦想。
（1）句意：我的朋友詹姆斯有一个梦想，有一天他可以去宇宙旅行，因为他想知道太空是什么样子。此处是对主句的解释，故是原因状语从句引导词，because，故填because。 （2）句意：他非常喜欢意大利菜，所以他已经去意大利学习了。food是名词，其前应是形容词，Italy的形容词是 Italian ，意大利的，故填Italian。
（3）句意：他非常喜欢意大利菜，所以他已经去意大利学习了。根据already可知是现在完成时，have been to+地点，固定搭配，去过某地，故填been。
（4）句意：现在，他擅长烹饪，成为一名优秀的厨师。at是介词，其后应是动名词，cook的动名词是cooking，故填cooking。
（5）句意：今年他将参加一项比赛，这将花费他2英镑。根据不定冠词a可知前后应是名词单数，competition，是名词，竞赛，故填competition。
（6）句意：今年他将参加一项比赛，这将花费他2英镑。cost sb+金钱，花费某人多少钱，助动词will后是动词原形，故填cost。
（7）句意：如果他赢了，他将实现他的梦想，因为第一个奖励就是到太空旅行，他将呆在一个没有空气的环境里。if引导的条件状语从句，时态是主将从现，故此处是一般现在时，主语是he，故谓语动词是单三形式，故填wins。
（8）句意：如果他赢了，他将实现他的梦想，因为第一个奖励就是到太空旅行，他将呆在一个没有空气的环境里。trip to+地点，去某处旅行，故填to。
（9）句意：如果他赢了，他将实现他的梦想，因为第一个奖励就是到太空旅行，他将呆在一个没有空气的环境里。根据 the space可知太空中是没有空气的，air是名词，其前是形容词no，没有 ， 故填no。
（10）句意：詹姆斯认为这一定是一次了不起的经历。根据 experience 是名词，其前应是形容词做定语，amaze的形容词是amazing，令人惊异的，故填amazing。
【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。
二、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
9．阅读理解
Can you swim? Do you like swimming? Yes? Well, how can you learn to swim? I think the best way is to go into the water and learn. I'm afraid you'll never learn to swim just by reading books about swimming or looking at others swimming. It's the same with the English study. We must practice, practice and practice.
Listening and speaking are very important for beginners. Especially for the children in English-speaking countries. First, listen to others. Then, try to imitate and speak. We can listen to English programs on radio. You may just understand a few words. It doesn't matter. Just be relaxed, try to catch every word. Somebody may be a good listener. But he dare not speak. He's afraid of making mistakes. You know we sometimes make mistakes when we speak Chinese. Don't be afraid. We must be brave. If you really want to learn English well, you must try to speak with everyone as long as he knows English. Whether you know him or not is not important, when there's nobody to talk with, you can talk to yourself in English. It's interesting and also a good way to practice your spoken English. Remember, the more you speak, the fewer mistakes you'll make.
Reading and writing are more important for senior school students. First we must choose the books we're interested in. A lot of reading will improve your language sense. This is the most important.
Keep writing English diaries. We can also write English articles. You may even post them to English magazines. Don't be afraid of failure. Failure is the mother of success.
Easier said than done. Well, let's do more practice from now on. I'm sure you'll learn English well in this way.
（1）You can learn to swim by _________. A. reading books about it B. looking at others swimming C. having lessons on it
D. going into the river and learning
（2）We should learn English by _________.
A. listening and speaking B. reading and writing C. both A and B D. swimming （3）What will you do with mistakes when you speak?
A. Don't make mistakes. B. Study hard. C. Try not to speak English. D. Don't be afraid. 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文通过跟游泳的对比，给我们提出了如何提高英语的建
议：写作的有效办法之一就是用英语写日记；初学者要善于模仿；我们在讲英语的时候有时会犯错误，不要害怕，我们必须勇敢；大量的阅读会提高你的语感。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段how can you learn to swim？I think the best way is to go into the water and learn．你怎么能学游泳？我想最好的办法是下水学。可知最好的方法是去水里学习，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Listening and speaking are very important for beginners和第四段Reading and writing are more important for senior school students的描述，听和说对初学者很重要，第四段读和写对高中生更重要。可知学好英语就应该通过听说和读写来进行。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段He's afraid of making mistakes．You know we sometimes make mistakes when we speak Chinese．Don't be afraid．We must be brave．他害怕犯错。你知道我们说中文时有时会犯错。别害怕。我们必须勇敢。可知我们不能害怕犯错误，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力。首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据问题在文章中找到依据，选出正确答案，注意阅读方法的运用。
10．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution. They join environment clubs. In an environment club, people work together to make our environment clean.
Here are some things students often do.
No-rubbish lunches. How many lunch bags do you throw away after lunch? Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose which classes make the least rubbish and report them to the whole school.
No-car day. On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car including the students and the teachers. Cars give pollution to us, so remember: Walk, jump, bike, or run! Use your legs! It's lots of fun!
Turn off the water! Do you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty cubic （立方） meters of water an hour? In a year, that would fill in a small river. In the environment clubs, students repair those broken toilets.
We love our environment. Let's work together to make it better. （1）Environment clubs ask students ________. A. to run to school every day B. to take exercise every day
C. not to have lunch at school D. to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again （2）From the passage we know the students usually have lunch ________. A. at school B. in shops C. in clubs D. at home （3）On a no-car day, ________ will take a car to school. A. both students and teachers B. only students C. neither students nor teachers D. only teachers
（4）After students mend toilets, they save ________.
A. a small river B. a club C. a lot of water D. a toilet （5）The writer wrote the passage to ask students to ________.
A. clean schools B. make less pollution C. join clubs D. help teachers 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）C （4）C （5）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了为了让我们的环境整洁，学生加入环境俱乐部经常做的一些事情。
（1）细节题。根据Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again.可知环境俱乐部让学生们用可以再次使用的袋子带午饭，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose which classes make the least rubbish and report them to the whole school.可知环境俱乐部让学生们用可以再次使用的袋子带午饭，并且每周选出制造垃圾最少的班级，并且通报全新，可知学生在学校吃午饭，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据nobody comes to school in a car including the students and the teachers.可知老师和学生都不坐车去上学，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据Do you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty cubic （立方） meters of water an hour?可知一些厕所一小时浪费20到40立方水，所以修理厕所会节约水，故选C。
（5）细节题。根据many students help their schools make less pollution.可知让学生制造更少的污染，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
11．阅读理解
Over 80G of the ancient forests have already been destroyed. Thousand-year-old trees are cut down just to make everyday goods. More and more wild animals are in danger now. Wild animals are our friends, and we cannot live without them. If we take no action, more and more wild animals will disappear in the future. It is time for us to save and protect endangered animals. Then what can we do? Here are some steps.
Step one: Find out what animals are living near your place. Spend some time learning about the animals.
Step two: Help to build more nature reserves and other wilderness areas. Protecting the living areas of wild animals is one of the best ways to help protect endangered animals. You can raise money for them or spend some time helping build nature reserves.
Step three: Buy foods and goods that are made from materials which do not harm endangered animals or their living areas.
Step tour: Join a local Wild Animals Club. You can take action to protect wild animals. There are
many global groups that try to call on people to protect the environment by changing people's ideas and behaviours. Children, teenagers, teachers and schools from all over the world can help to save the animals. Everyone can do a little to help them, and every little bit of help is important! （1）What should we do first to save and protect endangered animals? A. Spend some money learning about the animals. B. Spend some time learning about the animals. C. Spend some money helping the animals. D. Spend some time helping the animals.
（2）Which of the following is NOT mentioned to help the animals in the passage? A. Raising money.
B. Spending your time helping build nature reserves. C. Buying environmental-friendly goods. D. Keeping wild animals at home.
（3）The writer gives us steps to protect endangered animals.
A. three B. four C. five D. six （4）The writer wrote the article to . A. encourage people to protect endangered animals B. build more reserves for endangered animals C. join a local Wild Animals Club D. raise money for endangered animals 【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）B （4）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：野生动物是我们的朋友，没有它们我们无法生存。如果我们不采取行动，将来会有越来越多的野生动物消失，我们应该采取措施来保护好他们。 （1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Step one: Find out what animals are living near your place. Spend some time learning about the animals。理解可知，我们应该多了解一些野生动物的知识，故选B。
（2）理解归纳题。通读全文可知，为了帮助野生动物，我们可以集资，建立自然保护区与购买环保的商品，没有涉及到在家里饲养野生动物，故选D。
（3）理解归纳题。通读全文可知，作者给我们提供了四步措施来保护野生动物，故选B。 （4）细节理解题。根据文中的语句It is time for us to save and protect endangered animals. Then what can we do? Here are some steps.理解可知，本文的主要目的就是让人们保护野生动物，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。阅读时要通读文章，弄清楚文章的主旨大意。答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位，根据关键词定位并查找信息，切勿凭感觉做题。
12．阅读理解
Space vegetables are grown from seeds（种子） that have been taken to space and brought
back to the earth. The seeds are affected by the radiation（辐射）and low gravity in space. When they are brought back to the earth, these seeds produce vegetables that are bigger and healthier than normal vegetables. However, some people worry about eating space vegetables. They think that space vegetables might not be good for us and could make us get sick because of the radiation in space. However, people should not be frightened because space vegetables are very healthy.
Here are some facts that you should know about space vegetables.
Space vegetables are grown from seeds that are carefully chosen. When seeds are brought back from space they are tested to make sure that they will be safe to eat.
Space vegetables are better for you than normal vegetables. For example, space tomatoes stay fresh for twenty days, which is one week longer than normal tomatoes。
After genetically modified （转基因）food appeared in the market, people worried that they were eating unknown things. For example, if nut genes（坚果基因） are put inside potatoes, people allergic（过敏的） to nuts might get sick from eating these potatoes because they do not know they are also eating nuts. Unlike genetically modified food, space vegetables have not been genetically changed. This means that no new genes are put into the vegetables. Therefore, there are no dangers of eating unknown.
（1）According to Paragraph One, how are the space vegetables? A. More delicious. B. Healthier and bigger. C. More dangerous. D. Cheaper and healthier.
（2）According to Paragraph 4, how long can normal tomatoes stay fresh?
A. For seven day. B. For twenty days. C. For thirteen days. D. For twenty-seven days. （3）What's the difference between space vegetables and genetically modified food? A. Space vegetables have no new genes. B. Space vegetables are grown in space. C. Space vegetables have nothing unknown. D. Space vegetables are genetically changed. （4）What does the writer want to tell us? A. The seeds of space vegetables are taken to space. B. Everybody worries about eating space vegetables. C. Space vegetables are safe and good for people to eat. D. Space vegetables bring us illness because of the radiation. 【答案】 （1）B （2）B （3）A （4）C
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述本文主要讲述太空蔬菜安全且对人有益，由受到辐射和较低的引力的种子培育出来太空蔬菜体型大且比普通的蔬菜更健康。
（1）细节题。根据these seeds produce vegetables that are bigger and healthier than normal
vegetables.可知，太空蔬菜更健康且更大，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据space tomatoes stay fresh for twenty days, which is one week longer than normal tomatoes.可知，太空蔬菜能保鲜20天，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据This means that no new genes are put into the vegetables.可知，太空蔬菜没有新的基因，故选A。
（4）主旨题。本文主要讲述太空蔬菜安全且对人有益，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
13．阅读理解
One day in a restaurant, the American writer Anne Herbert wrote this sentence on a piece of paper: \"Random（任意的） actions of kindness.\" Later she repeated it in an interview on a TV show, and it soon caught people's eyes and made people think about how small \"kind\" actions could make our daily lives better.
One rainy night, a woman was standing at a bus stop waiting for the bus. A man came by on a motorcycle and offered to give her a ride. Of course, the woman said no. It would be crazy to accept a ride from a stranger on a motorcycle. Suddenly the man reached out and put a 50-dollar bill in her hand. He said, \"Please take a taxi. It hurts me to see you standing here in the rain.\" Before she could refuse, he left quickly on his motorcycle.
Kind actions can be contagious. Once, a woman was going through a toll station（收费站） on a highway. Instead of paying for one ticket, she asked for two. She said to the toll collector, \"The second ticket is for the car behind me.\" She didn't know the person in that car. She just did it without thinking more. So when the next car came up, the toll collector said to the driver, \"You don't have to pay. The woman in the blue car just paid for you.\" The driver was so surprised that he decided to pay for the person behind him. This continued with 14 drivers that day.
So just imagine what the world will be like if we all practice random actions of kindness from time to time?
（1）When the man on the motorcycle offered to give a ride, the woman probably felt he is______.
A. helpful B. friendly C. silly D. strange （2）The underlined word \"contagious\" in Paragraph 3 probably means ______ in Chinese. A. 有感染力的 B. 有用的 C. 有生机的 D. 有说服力的 （3）One of the features（特征） of \"random actions of kindness\" is ______. A. it's necessary to take time to plan for it B. you should wait for a proper time to do it C. to do something good without thinking D. to perform kindly for a certain need （4）Which of the following best ends the passage? A. We will not only give, but also get a lot out of it. B. It helps us understand why people help each other. C. Have you ever done any random actions of kindness? D. Will more people accept random actions of kindness?
【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）C （4）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了美国作家Anne Herbert在纸上写了“任意的友好行为”，结果吸引人们思考小的善举可以让我们的日常生活更好，并且举例说明。
（1）细节题。根据A man came by on a motorcycle and offered to give her a ride. Of course, the woman said no. It would be crazy to accept a ride from a stranger on a motorcycle.可知骑摩托车的男士主动提供搭便车，女士拒绝了，并且感到奇怪，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据Suddenly the man reached out and put a 50-dollar bill in her hand. He said, \"Please take a taxi. It hurts me to see you standing here in the rain.\" Before she could refuse, he left quickly on his motorcycle.可知一个陌生男士给女士钱让女士坐出租车，和后文Once, a woman was going through a toll station（收费站） on a highway. Instead of paying for one ticket, she asked for two. She said to the toll collector, \"The second ticket is for the car behind me.\"女士曾经帮助陌生人付票，可知善举是有感染力的，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据random，可知意思是任意的、随意的，不经思索的，所以“任意的友好行为”的特征是不假思索做某事，故选C。
（4）细节题，根据全文可知主要讲了任意的友好行为”可以吸引人们思考小的善举可以让我们的日常生活更好，即我们不仅给与，而且可以得到许多，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
14．阅读理解
A 16-year-old Australian girl drove her bright pink ship out of Sydney Harbor on Sunday to begin her beautiful travel. She wanted to become the youngest person to sail solo（单人）around the world.
After saying goodbye to her parents beside the sea, Jessica sailed her 10-meter ship out of Sydney harbor, smiling to well-wishers.
Her plan is to make a 38-thousand-kilometer journey. Although people are not sure someone so young could make it, the girl and her parents insisted she was an experienced and good sailor. On the eve of her traveling, she said she was fully prepared.
Jessica said, \"I suppose it's a big, scary（恐怖的）, and possibly risky（冒险的）thing to do, but yes, there's plenty of different risks, but it can't beat me.\" Jessica's trip is to last about eight months.
In August, a 17-year-old British boy, Mike, wanted to be the youngest solo round-the-world sailor. He made a 45-thousand-kilometer trip in nine months. （1）What color is the girl's ship?
A. Yellow. B. Blue. C. Pink. D. Red. （2）Where did she begin her journey? A. From Sydney Harbor. B. From Pearl Harbor.
C. From Dalian Harbor. D. From a harbor in Japan.
（3）Her plan is to make a -thousand kilometer journey.
A. 18 B. 28 C. 38 D. 48 （4）How long will her journey last about?
A. Seven months. B. Eight months. C. Nine months. D. Ten months. （5）Which country is Mike from?
A. America. B. Australia. C. Canada. D. England. 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）C （4）B （5）D
【解析】【分析】短文大意：一个16岁的澳大利亚女孩从悉尼出发，开始了为期8个月的旅行，她已经全部准备好了，迎接这个挑战，在8月一个英国男孩在9个月创下了航海记录。
（1）细节题。根据文章提到的 A 16-year-old Australian girl drove her bright pink ship out of Sydney Harbor on Sunday to begin her beautiful travel 可知，这个女孩的船的颜色是紫色的，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据文章提到的 A 16-year-old Australian girl drove her bright pink ship out of Sydney Harbor on Sunday to begin her beautiful travel 可知，她从悉尼海港出发，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据文章提到的 Her plan is to make a 38-thousand-kilometer journey 可知她的计划是做一个38000千米的旅行，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据文章提到的 \" Jessica's trip is to last about eight months可知她的旅行会持续8个月，故选B。
（5）细节题。根据文章提到的 In August, a 17-year-old British boy, Mike 可知，Mike来自英国，故选D。
【点评】考查细节题，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，熟悉问题，带着问题到文章找出答案，即可。
15．阅读理解
The classics are really great. Some of them can even change our life. I have a cousin who is eight years older than me. He is very good at writing now，because he has read many classics before. Those novels（小说）help him do well in writing. He thinks the classics are part of his life. He can't live without them. He has read 26 classics. As for me，I have read Little Women ， Tom
Sawyer and Treasure Island. —Mike，14 years old
Reading the classics is good for us. Some classics such as Oliver Twist ， Treasure Island ， Tom Sawyer and Little Women are good books. I have read all of them. But if students spend too much time reading the classics，they won't get good grades，either. —Susan，16 years old
（1）How old is Mike's cousin?
A. 14 years old. B. 8 years old. C. 16 years old. D. 22 years old. （2）Mike's cousin________. A. is not good at writing B. has been a famous writer C. has read 26 classics D. doesn't like reading
（3）According to Susan，we can infer（推断）that________. A. reading the classics can help students do well in writing B. reading the classics can help students get good grades C. students shouldn't spend too much time reading the classics D. reading the classics is more important than studying （4）Which book has Susan ever read, but Mike hasn't?
A. Little Women. B. Tom Sawyer. C. Treasure Island. D. Oliver Twist. （5）Which of the following is true? A. Mike thinks the classics are part of his life. B. Mike has already read three classics. C. Susan has read Alice in Wonderland. D. Susan thinks all classics are good. 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）C （4）D （5）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Mike和Susan对读经典的态度。
（1）推理题。根据 I have a cousin who is eight years older than me和 Mike，14 years old，Mike14岁，表哥比他大8岁，可知Mike的表哥22岁，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据 He has read 26 classics可知Mike的表哥已经读了26本经典著作，故选C。
（3）推理题。根据 But if students spend too much time reading the classics，they won't get good grades，either可知Susan认为学生不应该花太多的时间阅读经典著作 ，故选C。 （4）细节题。根据 I have read LittleWomen，Tom Sawyer and Treasure Island 和 Some classics such as Oliver Twist，Treasure Island，Tom Sawyer and Little Women are good books可知Oliver Twist是Susan读过但Mike没读过的书，故选D。
（5）细节题。根据 I have read LittleWomen，Tom Sawyer and Treasure Island可知Mike已经读过3本经典著作，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题2种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
16．阅读理解
Flynn McGarry, a 14-year-old American boy won the prize from \"the country's hottest cook\". He began cooking four years ago and wanted to cook as much as he could do it. After looking at all these cookbooks and going on the Internet, he thought he could be successful one day. McGarry said. \"Every time I try it, I hope to keep getting better and better. I just fell in love with it.\"
He said his mother's cooking was another reason for him to cook. He didn't quite like his mother's food, so he decided to try something simple. He started cooking for himself. He began practicing his knife after school.
Then，he started making dishes for a few of his mother's friends. Soon after，he made more delicious and expensive dishes for famous restaurants in America. When his skills in the kitchen got better，he was able to cook his way through most of the cookbooks. He has worked in top restaurants across the country.
The young man has a strong passion（热情）for cooking. He even turned his bedroom into a place like a kitchen. You can't see any video games，basketballs or movie posters.
McGarry's mother is happy with him and she fully supports（支持）her son. She said，“He showed such interest for this that it was a right choice to do what he loves. ” \"Keeping on your passion and hard work certainly pays off in the end.\" said McGarry. （1）The boy, McGarry began cooking because .
A. it was a subject in his school B. he didn't like his mother's food C. his mother asked him to do it D. he wanted to cook for his classmates （2）From the third paragraph, we can learn that .
A. the boy only cooked for his family B. the boy has worked in famous restaurants C. the boy never practiced cooking D. few friends enjoyed his meals （3）McGarry became so interested in cooking that . A. his subjects became the worst of all B. he made lots of money
C. he made his bedroom like a kitchen D. his mother had to stop him from cooking （4）The best title for the passage may be . A. Cooking Will Be Popular B. Hard Work Is the Key to Success C. Cooking Can't Help Us D. Everyone Can Be Perfect 【答案】 （1）B
（2）B （3）C （4）B
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文主要讲述一个孩子从怀有对做菜的兴趣，到不断坚持努力做各种尝试，最后变成一位有名的美国厨师的故事，这篇文章告诉我们努力和付出是打开成功之门的关键。
（1）细节理解题。根据 He said his mother's cooking was another reason for him to cook. He didn't quite like his mother's food, so he decided to try something simple. 他说他母亲的烹饪是他烹饪的另一个原因。他不很喜欢母亲做的食物，因此决定去尝试一些简单东西。故选B。可知他开始烹饪因为他不喜欢母亲做的食物，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据 Soon after，he made more delicious and expensive dishes for famous restaurants in America. 不久后，他在每个为一些著名的饭店做更美味更贵的菜肴。可知男孩在著名的饭店工作。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据 The young man has a strong passion（热情）for cooking. He even turned his bedroom into a place like a kitchen. 这个男孩对烹饪有强烈的热情。他甚至把卧室改成像厨房一样的地方。故选C。
（4）文章主题。根据文章主题句 \"Keeping on your passion and hard work certainly pays off in the end.\" said McGarry.可知热情和努力工作是成功的关键。故选B。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题，细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。 重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。
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