专业英语四级（语法与词汇）模拟试卷263 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有： 3. LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE
PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.
1． I’ve decided to take the plunge and start up my own business. The underlined word means
A．offer B．risk
C．opportunity D．idea
正确答案：B
解析：我决定冒险创业。下划线单词的含义是______。A．offer“任务” B．risk“冒险”
C．opportunity“机会”
D．idea“主意”注：短语take the plunge的意思是“冒险”。 知识模块：语法与词汇
2． I didn’t sleep well because the tap in the bathroom was _______. A．draining B．dropping C．spilling D．dripping
正确答案：D
解析：我昨晚没睡好，因为卫生间的水龙头一直滴滴答答。A．draining“排水，消耗”，作不及物动词时主语为“被排出或消耗的东西”，如：Gasoline drained slowly from the tilted Call．煤油慢慢从倾斜的油罐里流出来。
B．dropping指“落下”，主语应该是滴落的液体，例如：Rain drops from sky．雨从天上落下。
C．spilling指“溢出，溅出”，例如：Some of the wine spilled onto the floor．一些酒泼到了地板上。
D．dripping可以表示“(某物)往下滴水”(本题指水龙头滴水)，例如：all umbrella that is dripping all over the floor滴得满地是水的雨伞。 知识模块：语法与词汇
3． As a management consultant, I have the _______ of flying more than most travellers.
A．privilege B．privacy C．priority D．prestige
正确答案：A 解析：作为管理顾问，与大多数旅行者相比，我有一特权：坐飞机次数更多。A．privilege“特权，优待”
B．privacy“隐私，私事” C．priority“优先，优先权”
D．prestige“声望，声誉” 知识模块：语法与词汇
4． As we can see, Kelvin has had a strict _______. A．growth B．upbringing C．development D．cultivation
正确答案：B
解析：我们可以看出，凯文很有教养。A．growth“生长过程，发展” B．upbringing指“教养”
C．development“发展，发育，成长”
D．cultivation“种植庄稼，耕作” 知识模块：语法与词汇
5． The security guard had difficulty in _______ the fans from rushing on to the stage to take photos with the pop singer.
A．limiting B．restricting C．restraining D．confining
正确答案：C
解析：保安无法制止歌迷们涌向舞台与歌手合影。A．limiting通常指对诸如时间、空间、数量、能量或产品等预先作出规定，例如：limit the speed of automobiles to 45 miles an hour限制车速在45英里每小时。
B．restricting意为“禁止，限制”，指把某人或物限制在一定范围之内，通常和介词to连用，例如：I’m restricting myself to one glass of wine a day．我限制自己每天只喝一杯酒。
C．restraining指“抑制，制止”，一般与介词from连用(如本题)，例如：I barely restrained myself from hitting him．我勉强控制住自己，没有打他。
D．confining侧重施加不可逾越的限制，有时暗示束缚、囚禁，例如：You’ve confined yourself to what you know．你只局限于你知道的事。 知识模块：语法与词汇
6． Although she’s a(n) _______ talented dancer, she still practices several hours every day.
A．exceptionally B．additionally C．traditionally D．rationally
正确答案：A
解析：尽管她特别具有舞蹈天分，但她还是每天练习几个小时。A．exceptionally”杰出地，卓越地”
B．additionally“另外，附加” C．traditionally“传统地”
D．rationally指“理性地” 知识模块：语法与词汇
7． Unless all the members agree to _______ to the plan, there may be further development in the course of action.
A．tumble B．stick C．come D．adjust
正确答案：B 解析：除非所有成员都同意坚持这个计划，否则行动过程中会有进一步改进。A．tumble to“突然察觉”
B．stick to“坚持．坚守” C．come to“降临，发生”
D．adjust to“调整，适应” 知识模块：语法与词汇
8． Chances of getting the job were slim, so the young man felt _______ about the future.
A．gloomy B．shady C．shadowy D．obscure
正确答案：A 解析：得到这份工作的机会很小，所以这位青年人感到前途暗淡。A．gloomy指“昏暗的，令人沮丧的”，该词既可形容前景暗淡不景气，也可形容人的悲观情绪(如本题)，例如：He feels gloomy about the future．他觉得前途渺茫。
B．shady指“背阴的，阴凉的”，例如：This is a shady avenue．这是条林阴大道。
C．shadowy指“朦胧的，模糊不清的，阴凉的”，例如：She saw a shadowy figure through the blind．她透过帘子看到一个模糊的身影。
D．obscure“模糊的，难解的，不出名的”，指某事物的意思含糊不清，或
因知识缺乏而难解的，例如：His reasons remain obscure．他的理由不清楚。 知识模块：语法与词汇
9． Nowadays most of people buy a house on hire purchase and paid monthly _______.
A．supplements B．installments C．arrangements D．tournaments
正确答案：B 解析：如今大多数人以分期付款的方式买房，每月付款。A．supplements“补充，补遗”
B．installments“分期付款”
C．arrangements“布置，整理”
D．tournaments“比赛，锦标赛” 知识模块：语法与词汇
10． In “The little girl is left alone in the house, weeping bitterly” the underlined part is the ______ of the sentence.
A．indirect object B．adverbial C．direct object
D．object complement
正确答案：B
解析：现在分词weeping bitterly在句中作伴随状语，说明小女孩哭的状态，答案为B。 知识模块：语法与词汇
11． _______ if I had attended your home party yesterday without informing you beforehand?
A．Would you have been surprised B．Had you been surprised C．Were you surprised D．Would you be surprised
正确答案：D
解析：错综非真实条件句。通常情况下，非真实条件从句如果使用的过去完成式，主句通常使用“would+动词的过去完成式”。表示对与过去事实相反的情况的假想。但在这句话，主句用在了直接疑问句里，是说话者的现场提问，显然是询问被疑问者当时的感受，因此采用“would+动词现在时态”，表示现在时间。B和C都不是虚拟语气中主句的正确表达。 知识模块：语法与词汇
12． Which of the following reflexive pronouns (反身代词) is used for emphasis?
A．The one who really want it is himself. B．He made no complaint for himself. C．Martin himself attended the sick man.
D．Jim’s sister and himself get up at six every day.
正确答案：C
解析：考查反身代词的句法功能。A作表语，B作宾语，D作主语，这三个用法均不起强调作用。只有C用作同位语，加强被修饰语的语气，为本题答案。 知识模块：语法与词汇
13． The direct object in “The coach taught his apprentices some safety knowledge before they drove” is _______.
A．his apprentices
B．some safety knowledge C．the coach
D．before they drove
正确答案：B 解析：teach sb．sth．是“双宾语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构，其中sb．为间接宾语，sth．为直接宾语，因此答案为B。 知识模块：语法与词汇
14． Friends _______ one of the popular drama series for students who want to study English.
A．remained B．remains C．remain
D．is remaining
正确答案：B
解析：主谓一致和时态。从句是一般现在时，主句中的谓语动词remain也应该用一般现在时，而主语．Friends是电视剧名，所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式，选项B为正确答案。 知识模块：语法与词汇
15． —Where is your father?—He _______ flowers in the garden. A．waters B．must water
C．must be watering D．must have watered
正确答案：C
解析：考查情态动词的用法。根据句意，这里是对进行着的行为的推测，因此答案为C。A为一般性描述，排除；B不能表示动作是在进行着；D为must have done结构，表示对过去的推测，不符合题意。 知识模块：语法与词汇
16． I guess she has exaggerated the weather condition. It isn’t all _______ cold. A．that B．those C．it D．one
正确答案：A
解析：that的特殊用法。that除用作代词外，还可以作副词用，表程度，意为“达到那样的程度，如此”，答案为A。其他选项中的those，it和one均无此用法。 知识模块：语法与词汇
17． We consider _______ the thief stole all the underwear in the house instead of valuable things.
A．that strange B．it strange what C．it strange that D．strange why
正确答案：C
解析：考查“动词+it+补语+that从句”结构。it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面that所引导的从句，正确答案为C。 知识模块：语法与词汇
18． Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete “Jim’s hiding _______”?
A．somewhere B．nowhere C．there D．where
正确答案：D
解析：hide somewhere意为“躲在某处”，hide nowhere指“无处可藏”，hide there“躲在那儿”。没有D这样的用法。 知识模块：语法与词汇
19． It is recommended that the project_______until all the preparations have been made.
A．won’t start B．shouldn’t start C．won’t be started D．shouldn’t be started
正确答案：D
解析：由“It is+动词过去分词+主语从句”引导的句式，常常表示要求、建议、提议、命令和愿望等语气。从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“(should)+动词原形”。这类过去分词有demanded，intended，recommended，required，insisted，
ordered，requested，suggested等。project和start是被动关系，因此答案为D。 知识模块：语法与词汇
20． I’m glad to see that the edges of the stab _______ are joining up nicely. A．wound B．bruise C．cut D．scar
正确答案：A
解析：我高兴地看到被刺伤的伤口边缘正在很好地愈合。A．wound通常指尖锐锋利的工具所致出血的、严重的伤口，尤其指用武器有意造成的伤口，也指感情的创伤。例如：a wound to my pride对我自尊心的伤害。
B．bruise“擦伤，淤青”，指表皮下面的组织受损，但没有破裂，只是出现紫块，例如：He was covered with bruises after falling off his bicycle．他从自行车上摔了下来，摔得浑身伤痕。
C．cut指因尖利的器械的刺或割而造成的轻伤，例如：a cut in one’s finger手指伤痕。
D．scar主要指伤口愈合而留下的伤疤，例如：The wound healed without leaving a scar．伤好了，没有留下伤疤。注：从题目的意思判断，这里的伤口应该较严重，cut是浅伤，不如wound合适，故选A。 知识模块：语法与词汇
21． When a person has an infectious disease, he is usually _______from other people.
A．divided B．segregated C．isolated D．insulated
正确答案：C
解析：当有人得了传染病时，那个人常常会被隔离。A．divided指“分开，分配”，例如：They agree to divide evenly．他们同意平分。
B．segregated指把一群人或物从整体或主体中分离出来，例如：Blacks were segregated from whites in churches，schools and colleges．在教堂、学校和大学里，黑人都是和白人隔离开的。
C．isolated指把人或事物隔离开来使之不影响别人或受到影响(如本题)，可具体可抽象，例如：Do not isolate yourself from others．不要把自己孤立起来。
D．insulated指“隔开，绝缘”，例如：The case is carefully insulated to prevent short circuits．盒子经过仔细绝缘以防短路。 知识模块：语法与词汇
22． These creatures are so tiny that they can not always be seen with the _______ eye.
A．bare B．naked
C．bald D．barren
正确答案：B
解析：这些生物太小以至于肉眼并不都可以看见。A．bare“裸露”，指缺少必要的遮盖物。
B．naked指“裸露”，固定搭配naked eye“肉眼”。 C．bald指头上无发，山坡无树无草，树顶无叶。
D．barren着重缺少肥力或生活能力，荒瘠不毛，修饰人时意为“不(生)育的”。 知识模块：语法与词汇
23． A German firm is making a take-over_______ for a property company. A．application B．bid
C．proposal D．suggestion
正确答案：B
解析：一家德国公司正在竞标收购一家地产公司。A．make an application for“申请，请求”
B．make a bid for“投标，申办”
C．make a proposal(to sb．)“向……求婚”
D．make a suggestion“提出建议” 知识模块：语法与词汇
24． Four years of service entitle Jack_______ a pension. A．on B．in C．at D．to
正确答案：D
解析：杰克4年的服务年限使他有资格领取养老金。注：entitle习惯上与介词to搭配，表示“使某人有资格”，其他的介词都不能与entitle连用。 知识模块：语法与词汇
25． According to official statistics, retail sales in China rose 10% and 12.2% in the first and the second quarter_______this year.
A．accordingly B．correspondingly C．respectively D．individually
正确答案：C
解析：根据官方统计，今年第一、二季度中国的零售业分别增加了10％和
12．2％。A．accordingly“相应地，从而”
B．correspondingly“相应地，对应地” C．respectively“分别地，各自地”
D．individually“个别地，单独地” 知识模块：语法与词汇
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